ABSTRACT
Objective / background: Here, we described the clinical characteristics and outcomes of central nervous system [CNS] infections occurring after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation [allo-HSCT] in a single institution over the previous 6 years
Methods: Charts of 353 consecutive allogeneic transplant recipients were retrospectively reviewed for CNS infection
Results: A total of 17 cases of CNS infection were identified at a median of 38 days [range, 10- 1028 days] after allo-HSCT. Causative pathogens were human herpesvirus-6 [n = 6], enterococcus [n = 2], staphylococcus [n = 2], streptococcus [n = 2], varicella zoster virus [n = 1], cytomegalovirus [n = 1], John Cunningham virus [n = 1], adenovirus [n = 1], and Toxoplasma gondii [n = 1]. The cumulative incidence of CNS infection was 4.1% at 1 year and 5.5% at 5 years
Conclusion: Multivariate analysis revealed that high-risk disease status was a risk factor for developing CNS infection [p = .02], and that overall survival at 3 years after allo-HSCT was 33% in patients with CNS infection and 53% in those without CNS infection [p = .04]